区块链共识机制中随机性研究

雷元娜; 徐海霞; 李佩丽; 张淑慧

引用本文：

雷元娜,徐海霞,李佩丽,张淑慧.区块链共识机制中随机性研究[J].信息安全学报,2021,6(3):91-105 [点击复制]
LEI Yuanna,XU Haixia,LI Peili,ZHANG Shuhui.A Survey on the Randomness of the Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms[J].Journal of Cyber Security,2021,6(3):91-105 [点击复制]

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区块链共识机制中随机性研究
雷元娜^1,2, 徐海霞^1,2, 李佩丽¹, 张淑慧³
0 字体:加大+\|默认\|缩小-
(1.中国科学院信息工程研究所信息安全国家重点实验室北京中国 100093;2.中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院北京中国 100049;3.齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)山东省计算中心(国家超级计算济南中心)山东省计算机网络重点实验室济南中国 250000)

摘要:

随着区块链技术的发展，共识机制越来越受到关注。在大量共识机制中占据重要地位的随机数获取协议，也成为共识机制的一个核心子协议。本文主要围绕现有的几个基于随机性协议的主流共识机制，介绍了随机性的相关概念以及共识机制中随机性所用到的密码学原语。首先介绍几类简单的协议并分别指出它们的不足，然后重点介绍了主流共识机制中的随机数都是如何产生以及如何应用的。研究随机数获取协议，对于区块链技术及其共识机制的学习与发展具有重要意义。

关键词: 随机性区块链技术共识机制

DOI：10.19363/J.cnki.cn10-1380/tn.2021.05.06

投稿时间：2019-07-19修订日期：2019-09-27

基金项目:本课题得到电子货币新算法与新原理研究，山东省重点研发计划（No.2019JZZY020129）资助。

A Survey on the Randomness of the Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms

LEI Yuanna^1,2, XU Haixia^1,2, LI Peili¹, ZHANG Shuhui³

(1.State key laboratory of information security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;2.School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Computer Science Center(National Supercomputer Center in Jinan), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Jinan 250000, China)

Abstract:

With the development of blockchain technology, consensus mechanism has attracted more and more attention. Random number acquisition protocol, which plays an important role in a large number of consensus mechanisms, has also become a core sub-protocol of consensus mechanism. In this paper, we mainly focus on several existing mainstream consensus mechanisms based on randomness protocols, and introduce the related concepts of randomness and the cryptographic primitives used in randomness in consensus mechanisms. Firstly, several simple protocols are introduced and their shortcomings are pointed out separately. Then, how the random numbers in the mainstream consensus mechanism are generated and how they are applied are emphatically introduced. Research on random number acquisition protocol is of great significance to the study and development of block chain technology and its consensus mechanism.

Key words: randomness blockchain technology consensus mechanism